What does urinalysis provide information about?

Urinalysis is a valuable diagnostic tool primarily used to assess major metabolic functions. This test involves analyzing the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine, which can reveal significant insights into the body’s metabolic processes. For example, urine composition can indicate levels of glucose, proteins, ketones, and electrolytes, which reflect how well the body is managing its metabolic functions. Abnormal results can suggest various conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, and dehydration, all of which are related to metabolic processes.

In contrast, other options do not align with the primary purpose of urinalysis. Bone strength, respiratory health, and neurological status are typically evaluated through other specific tests more focused on those areas, such as bone density scans, pulmonary function tests, and neurological examinations, respectively. Thus, the focus of urinalysis on metabolic assessment makes it an integral part of routine health evaluations.