What factor can influence urine pH?

The correct choice indicates that both fluid intake and dietary choices can significantly influence urine pH.

Fluid intake affects urine concentration and dilution. When a person consumes large quantities of fluid, the urine becomes more dilute, which typically results in a lower concentration of metabolic waste products and can lead to a more neutral or slightly alkaline pH. Conversely, low fluid intake can concentrate waste products and may increase urine acidity, reflecting the body's state of hydration and metabolic processes.

Dietary choices play a crucial role in determining urine pH as well. Certain foods can produce acidic or alkaline byproducts after metabolism. For example, a diet high in protein from meat sources often results in more acidic urine due to the breakdown of amino acids, whereas a diet rich in fruits and vegetables tends to lead to more alkaline urine as these foods increase bicarbonate levels in the body.

Both factors work together to affect the overall balance of hydrogen ions in urine, thus influencing its pH.