Which type of cells are associated with abnormalities that may indicate a viral infection?

Transitional cells, which line the urinary tract, can show abnormalities indicative of viral infections, particularly because they are exposed to various pathogens as urine passes through. In cases of viral infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) or human papillomavirus (HPV), these cells can present morphological changes that may be detected in urine samples. Such abnormalities can include enlarged cells, changes in nuclear size and shape, and an increase in the number of cells in the sample.

This is particularly significant in clinical settings since identifying these changes can help in diagnosing conditions such as cystitis caused by viral pathogens. The presence of abnormal transitional cells can prompt further investigation into a possible viral etiology.

While other types of cells, such as renal tubular cells or squamous epithelial cells, can show changes due to different types of infections or conditions, they are not as specifically associated with viral infections as transitional cells are. Therefore, the detection of abnormalities specifically within transitional cells serves as a crucial indicator in diagnosing potential viral activity affecting the urinary system.